The declaration grew from a September 2025 Lorentz Center meeting of around 60 participants from 10 countries spanning mathematics, computer science, philosophy, history, social science, industry and government.
On 2 June 2026, a 16-author international working group published the Leiden Declaration on Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics after a consultation process that grew from the 2025 Mechanization and Mathematical Research meeting in Leiden. The International Mathematical Union endorsed the declaration on publication. The document calls for explicit norms around AI use in mathematical research, including transparency and disclosure, attribution, independent verification, open scholarly practice, research autonomy and institutional responsibility.
The declaration grew from a September 2025 Lorentz Center meeting of around 60 participants from 10 countries spanning mathematics, computer science, philosophy, history, social science, industry and government. A smaller working group developed the text over the following months with extensive community feedback. The declaration was archived on Zenodo with a DOI, endorsed by the IMU, later discussed at ICM 2026, and the subject of supportive editorials and reporting in major scientific publications.
As AI systems became more capable participants in mathematical research, the declaration moved the discussion from isolated reactions to an explicit community-governance agenda. It supplies a durable reference point for questions that recur across AI4Math results: how AI use should be disclosed, how credit and training data should be handled, what independent verification requires, and how mathematical institutions should preserve rigor, access and human judgment while adopting new tools.
Significance rationale: The Leiden Declaration is a field-building milestone because it turned a broad, cross-institutional consultation into an AI4Math-specific set of recommendations on transparency, attribution, verification, research autonomy, publication practice and scholarly governance. Its endorsement by the International Mathematical Union, independent scholarly discussion in Nature, and presentation at ICM 2026 provide evidence of field-level institutional significance beyond signatory count or short-lived media attention.
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The declaration website and Zenodo record establish the published text, authorship, date and DOI; the IMU publicly records its endorsement.
Nature and Nature Machine Intelligence editorials, together with the declaration's official update record, document substantial scholarly reception and later discussion at ICM 2026. The Chronicle records this reception as significance evidence without treating endorsement as proof that every normative recommendation is universally accepted.
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