{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "id": "evt-1988-hol",
  "slug": "hol-proof-generating-system",
  "title": {
    "en": "HOL consolidates LCF-style mechanized proof for higher-order logic",
    "zh-CN": "HOL 将 LCF 式机械证明体系扩展并整合到高阶逻辑"
  },
  "dates": {
    "event": "1988-01-01",
    "first_public_claim": null,
    "paper_release": "1988-01-01",
    "artifact_release": null,
    "independently_verified": null,
    "added_to_chronicle": "2026-09-15",
    "last_updated": "2026-09-15"
  },
  "event_types": [
    "formalization",
    "system",
    "infrastructure"
  ],
  "significance": {
    "tier": "H2",
    "rationale": {
      "en": "HOL adapted the LCF architecture to classical higher-order logic and became a major proof-assistant family supporting mechanized mathematics, hardware verification and later AI theorem-proving research.",
      "zh-CN": "HOL 将 LCF 架构应用于经典高阶逻辑，发展为重要证明助手家族，承载机械化数学、硬件验证以及后来的 AI 定理证明研究。"
    }
  },
  "mathematical_novelty": {
    "type": "tooling_only"
  },
  "interfaces": [
    "formal",
    "symbolic"
  ],
  "claim": {
    "en": "Mike Gordon's public system descriptions documented HOL as an LCF-derived proof-generating system for higher-order logic; the 1988 archival chapter provides a precise publication anchor after the January 1987 Cambridge technical report.",
    "zh-CN": "Mike Gordon 的公开系统文献将 HOL 描述为源自 LCF 的高阶逻辑 proof-generating system；1988 年档案性章节为 1987 年 1 月 Cambridge technical report 之后的系统记录提供精确出版锚点。"
  },
  "summary": {
    "en": "HOL combined a small trusted logical basis, ML programming and tactics/tacticals for goal-directed interactive proof in higher-order logic.",
    "zh-CN": "HOL 结合小型可信逻辑基础、ML 编程与 tactics/tacticals，在高阶逻辑中支持目标驱动的交互式证明。"
  },
  "why_it_matters": {
    "en": "HOL and its descendants supplied formal corpora and interactive environments later used by systems such as TacticToe, HOL(y)Hammer and learning-based theorem provers.",
    "zh-CN": "HOL 及其后继系统提供的形式语料与交互环境后来被 TacticToe、HOL(y)Hammer 等学习式定理证明系统广泛使用。"
  },
  "ai_role": {
    "level": "human_ai_collaboration",
    "description": {
      "en": "Humans directed proofs through tactics while the system mechanically executed inference and checked resulting derivations.",
      "zh-CN": "人类通过 tactics 引导证明，系统机械执行推理并检查最终推导。"
    }
  },
  "human_contribution": {
    "description": {
      "en": "Mike Gordon and the HOL/LCF community designed the logic, trusted implementation and tactic-based interaction model.",
      "zh-CN": "Mike Gordon 与 HOL/LCF 社群设计逻辑、可信实现及基于 tactic 的交互模式。"
    }
  },
  "systems": [
    "hol",
    "lcf"
  ],
  "organizations": [
    "university-of-cambridge"
  ],
  "people": [
    "mike-gordon"
  ],
  "problems": [
    "higher-order-logic-theorem-proving"
  ],
  "methods": [
    "interactive-theorem-proving",
    "tactics",
    "trusted-kernel"
  ],
  "verification": {
    "evidence_level": "E2",
    "status": "paper_released",
    "formal_assurance": "none",
    "history": [
      {
        "date": "1988-01-01",
        "status": "paper_released",
        "evidence_level": "E2",
        "note": {
          "en": "The archival HOL chapter and Cambridge technical-report record establish the system architecture and higher-order logic implementation.",
          "zh-CN": "HOL 档案章节与 Cambridge technical-report 记录确认了系统架构与高阶逻辑实现。"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "hol-proof-generating-system-1988",
      "tier": "S1",
      "type": "paper",
      "title": "HOL: A Proof Generating System for Higher-Order Logic",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2007-4_3",
      "primary": true,
      "published_date": "1988-01-01",
      "accessed_at": "2026-09-15"
    },
    {
      "id": "cambridge-hol-tr103",
      "tier": "S1",
      "type": "paper",
      "title": "HOL: A proof generating system for higher-order logic — Technical Report 103",
      "url": "https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/techreports/UCAM-CL-TR-103.html",
      "primary": true,
      "published_date": null,
      "accessed_at": "2026-09-15"
    }
  ],
  "artifacts": [],
  "relationships": {
    "predecessors": [
      "evt-1979-edinburgh-lcf"
    ],
    "successors": [],
    "related": []
  },
  "timeline": {
    "featured": true,
    "significance": "primary"
  },
  "tags": [
    "hol",
    "proof-assistant",
    "higher-order-logic",
    "formalization"
  ],
  "editorial": {
    "created_at": "2026-09-15",
    "last_reviewed": "2026-09-15",
    "reviewers": [
      "Charlie-Wang-03"
    ]
  },
  "corrections": []
}